Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, is experiencing a significant decline in weather conditions, closely linked to rising pollution levels. The city, nestled in a valley, often sees its air quality deteriorate, especially during the winter months when cold air traps pollutants close to the ground. This phenomenon, known as temperature inversion, exacerbates the concentration of harmful particles in the air.

A primary contributor to the city's pollution problem is vehicle emissions. With an increasing number of vehicles on the road, exhaust fumes are a major source of airborne pollutants, including nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. The situation is compounded by the age and poor maintenance of many vehicles, which emit higher levels of pollutants.

Industrial activities also play a significant role. Factories and brick kilns around Kathmandu release large quantities of smoke and dust, adding to the city's pollution burden. These industries often lack adequate pollution control measures, leading to unchecked emissions.

Seasonal agricultural practices, particularly the burning of crop residues in surrounding areas, contribute to the smog that blankets the city. This practice releases large amounts of carbon monoxide, methane, and other harmful substances into the atmosphere.

The combination of these factors has led to Kathmandu's air quality reaching hazardous levels. Health experts advise residents, especially those with respiratory conditions, to limit outdoor activities and use masks to protect themselves. The government is being urged to implement stricter pollution control measures and promote public transportation to mitigate this growing crisis.

As Kathmandu continues to develop, balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability is crucial. Immediate and coordinated efforts are needed to address the pollution problem and improve the city's air quality for the well-being of its residents.